Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary - penitence
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Penitence
penitence
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1.
noun Etymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French penitance, from Medieval Latin poenitentia, alteration of Latin paenitentia regret, from paenitent-, paenitens, present participle Date: 13th century the quality or state of being penitent ; sorrow for sins or faults Synonyms: ~, repentance, contrition, compunction, remorse mean regret for sin or wrongdoing. ~ implies sad and humble realization of and regret for one's misdeeds absolution is dependent upon sincere ~. repentance adds the implication of a resolve to change repentance accompanied by a complete change of character. contrition stresses the sorrowful regret that constitutes true ~ tearful expressions of contrition. compunction implies a painful sting of conscience especially for contemplated wrongdoing had no compunctions about taking back what is mine. remorse suggests prolonged and insistent self-reproach and mental anguish for past wrongs and especially for those whose consequences cannot be remedied thieves untroubled by feelings of remorse. ...Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
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4.
- 12c., from L. pжnitentia "repentance," from pжnitentum (nom. pжnitens) "penitent," prp. of pжnitere "cause or feel regret," probably originally "is not enough, is unsatisfactory," from pжne "nearby, almost." Later spelled poenitens, by influence of poena "punishment." Penitentiary is early 15c. as "place of punishment for offenses against the church," from M.L. penitentiaria, from fem. of penitentiarius (adj.) "of penance," from L. pжnitentia "penitence." Meaning "house of correction" first found 1776. ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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